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MPEG  
MPEG-TS or TS and MPEG-PS or PS are digital container format.
 
I-picture: intra-coded picture that does not need additional information to be decoded
 
P-picture: picture predicted from an earlier I-picture or P-picture
 
B-picture: picture bidirectionally predicted from earlier and/or later I-picture or P-pictures


MPEG-TS or TS and MPEG-PS or PS are digital container format.
MPEG-1 Audio layer 1: audio bit stream
 
MPEG-1 Audio layer 2: audio bit stream
 
MPEG-1 Audio layer 3: audio bit stream
 
MPEG-2 BC (Backward compatible)
 
MPEG-2 AAC
 
MPEG-4 Audio
 
AC-3


Elementary Stream (ES)
MPEG-1
Packetized Elementary Stream (PES) = contains timestamp


Program Stream PS -> variable-length packet for error-free medium (e.g. optical and hard disks) / common clock / 1 video PES  + n audio PES
MPEG-2


MPEG-4


Transport Stream TS ->  fixed-sized packet PES (188 bytes) for transmission and digital broadcasting / multiple with different clocks
MPEG-7/MXF: metadata


In a single TS, multiple programs (channels) can be multiplexed.
MPEG-21


=== Glossary ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!
!
!
|-
|Elementary Stream
|ES
|
* Bitstream raw output of a video or audio encoder
|-
|Packetized Elementary Stream
|PES
|
* Carry ES with a header that contains PTS, DTS
*
|-
|Program Stream
|PS
|
* For error-free medium (e.g. optical and hard disks)
* Variable-length PES
* 1 video PES  + n audio PES
* Common Clock
|-
|Transport Stream
|TS
|
* For transmission and digital broadcasting
* PES packet: fixed-sized 184 bytes
* TS packet: fixed-sized 188 bytes
* TS packet header: minimum 4 bytes (without adaptation) added to the PES packet (PID, continuity counter, PCR)
* Multiple PS can be multiplexed with different clocks (PCR)
* Metadata: PAT, PMT
|-
|Single Program Transport Stream
|SPTS
|
* 1 PCR channel that recreates 1 program clock for both audio and video
|-
|Multiple Program Transport Stream
|MPTS
|
* Contains control information (Signaling SI) requires to coordinate the entire transmission such as EPG
|-
|Electronic Program Guide
|EPG
|
|-
|Program Association Table
|PAT
|
* Lists every programs in the TS
* Each entry points to a program-specific PMT
* PID=0
* First Entry of PAT: program 0 is for network data (PID of NIT)
|-
|Network Information Table
|NIT
|
|-
|Conditional Access Table
|CAT
|
* PID=1
* Necessary of the program is encrypted
* Contains PIDs for ECM and EMM
|-
|Entitlement Control Messages
|ECM
|
|-
|Entitlement Management Messages
|EMM
|
|-
|Transport Stream Description Table
|TSDT
|
* PID=2
|-
|Program Map Table
|PMT
|
* Each entry lists ESs for a given program
|-
|Program Specific Information
|PSI
|
|-
|Program Identifier Code
Packet Identification Code
|PID
|
* 13-bit
* Packets in the same ES all have the same PID
* TS Packet header
* NULL packet = 8191= 0b1111111111111
|-
|Program Clock Reference
|PCR
|
* 27MHz resolution
* Bitstream timing
* PCR for each program in a TS
|-
|System Clock Reference
|SCR
|
* 27MHz resolution
* Bitstream timing
|-
|Presentation Timestamp
|PTS
|
* Use to achieve synchronization of separate ES
* 90KHz resolution / 33 bits
* In the PES header
* Divide PCR by 300
* They must not be more than 700 ms apart in the PS or TS
|-
|Decode Timestamp
|DTS
|
* Only for video PES
|}


https://download.tek.com/document/25W-11418-10.pdf
== Resource ==
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_transport_stream
{| class="wikitable"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_program_stream
|+
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packetized_elementary_stream
!
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio-to-video_synchronization
!
https://bitmovin.com/fun-with-container-formats-3/
|-
|https://download.tek.com/document/25W-11418-10.pdf
|
|-
|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_elementary_stream
|
|-
|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_transport_stream
|
|-
|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_program_stream
|
|-
|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packetized_elementary_stream
|
|-
|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presentation_timestamp
|
|-
|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio-to-video_synchronization
|
|-
|https://bitmovin.com/fun-with-container-formats-3/
|
|-
|http://read.pudn.com/downloads98/doc/comm/401153/14496/ISO_IEC_14496-3%20Part%203%20Audio/C036083E_SUB1.PDF
|ISO/IEC14496-3
|-
|https://ecee.colorado.edu/~ecen5653/ecen5653/papers/iso13818-1.pdf
|ISO/IEC13818-1
|}

Latest revision as of 16:51, 26 November 2020

MPEG-TS or TS and MPEG-PS or PS are digital container format.

I-picture: intra-coded picture that does not need additional information to be decoded

P-picture: picture predicted from an earlier I-picture or P-picture

B-picture: picture bidirectionally predicted from earlier and/or later I-picture or P-pictures

MPEG-1 Audio layer 1: audio bit stream

MPEG-1 Audio layer 2: audio bit stream

MPEG-1 Audio layer 3: audio bit stream

MPEG-2 BC (Backward compatible)

MPEG-2 AAC

MPEG-4 Audio

AC-3

MPEG-1

MPEG-2

MPEG-4

MPEG-7/MXF: metadata

MPEG-21

Glossary

Elementary Stream ES
  • Bitstream raw output of a video or audio encoder
Packetized Elementary Stream PES
  • Carry ES with a header that contains PTS, DTS
Program Stream PS
  • For error-free medium (e.g. optical and hard disks)
  • Variable-length PES
  • 1 video PES + n audio PES
  • Common Clock
Transport Stream TS
  • For transmission and digital broadcasting
  • PES packet: fixed-sized 184 bytes
  • TS packet: fixed-sized 188 bytes
  • TS packet header: minimum 4 bytes (without adaptation) added to the PES packet (PID, continuity counter, PCR)
  • Multiple PS can be multiplexed with different clocks (PCR)
  • Metadata: PAT, PMT
Single Program Transport Stream SPTS
  • 1 PCR channel that recreates 1 program clock for both audio and video
Multiple Program Transport Stream MPTS
  • Contains control information (Signaling SI) requires to coordinate the entire transmission such as EPG
Electronic Program Guide EPG
Program Association Table PAT
  • Lists every programs in the TS
  • Each entry points to a program-specific PMT
  • PID=0
  • First Entry of PAT: program 0 is for network data (PID of NIT)
Network Information Table NIT
Conditional Access Table CAT
  • PID=1
  • Necessary of the program is encrypted
  • Contains PIDs for ECM and EMM
Entitlement Control Messages ECM
Entitlement Management Messages EMM
Transport Stream Description Table TSDT
  • PID=2
Program Map Table PMT
  • Each entry lists ESs for a given program
Program Specific Information PSI
Program Identifier Code

Packet Identification Code

PID
  • 13-bit
  • Packets in the same ES all have the same PID
  • TS Packet header
  • NULL packet = 8191= 0b1111111111111
Program Clock Reference PCR
  • 27MHz resolution
  • Bitstream timing
  • PCR for each program in a TS
System Clock Reference SCR
  • 27MHz resolution
  • Bitstream timing
Presentation Timestamp PTS
  • Use to achieve synchronization of separate ES
  • 90KHz resolution / 33 bits
  • In the PES header
  • Divide PCR by 300
  • They must not be more than 700 ms apart in the PS or TS
Decode Timestamp DTS
  • Only for video PES

Resource

https://download.tek.com/document/25W-11418-10.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_elementary_stream
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_transport_stream
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_program_stream
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packetized_elementary_stream
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presentation_timestamp
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio-to-video_synchronization
https://bitmovin.com/fun-with-container-formats-3/
http://read.pudn.com/downloads98/doc/comm/401153/14496/ISO_IEC_14496-3%20Part%203%20Audio/C036083E_SUB1.PDF ISO/IEC14496-3
https://ecee.colorado.edu/~ecen5653/ecen5653/papers/iso13818-1.pdf ISO/IEC13818-1
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