MPEG-TS or TS and MPEG-PS or PS are digital container format.
I-picture: intra-coded picture that does not need additional information to be decoded
P-picture: picture predicted from an earlier I-picture or P-picture
B-picture: picture bidirectionally predicted from earlier and/or later I-picture or P-pictures
MPEG-1 Audio layer 1: audio bit stream
MPEG-1 Audio layer 2: audio bit stream
MPEG-1 Audio layer 3: audio bit stream
MPEG-2 BC (Backward compatible)
MPEG-2 AAC
MPEG-4 Audio
AC-3
MPEG-1
MPEG-2
MPEG-4
MPEG-7/MXF: metadata
MPEG-21
Glossary
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| Elementary Stream
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ES
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- Bitstream raw output of a video or audio encoder
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| Packetized Elementary Stream
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PES
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- Carry ES with a header that contains PTS, DTS
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| Program Stream
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PS
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- For error-free medium (e.g. optical and hard disks)
- Variable-length PES
- 1 video PES + n audio PES
- Common Clock
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| Transport Stream
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TS
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- For transmission and digital broadcasting
- PES packet: fixed-sized 184 bytes
- TS packet: fixed-sized 188 bytes
- TS packet header: minimum 4 bytes (without adaptation) added to the PES packet (PID, continuity counter, PCR)
- Multiple PS can be multiplexed with different clocks (PCR)
- Metadata: PAT, PMT
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| Single Program Transport Stream
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SPTS
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- 1 PCR channel that recreates 1 program clock for both audio and video
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| Multiple Program Transport Stream
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MPTS
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- Contains control information (Signaling SI) requires to coordinate the entire transmission such as EPG
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| Electronic Program Guide
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EPG
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| Program Association Table
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PAT
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- Lists every programs in the TS
- Each entry points to a program-specific PMT
- PID=0
- First Entry of PAT: program 0 is for network data (PID of NIT)
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| Network Information Table
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NIT
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| Conditional Access Table
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CAT
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- PID=1
- Necessary of the program is encrypted
- Contains PIDs for ECM and EMM
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| Entitlement Control Messages
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ECM
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| Entitlement Management Messages
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EMM
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| Transport Stream Description Table
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TSDT
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| Program Map Table
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PMT
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- Each entry lists ESs for a given program
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| Program Specific Information
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PSI
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| Program Identifier Code
Packet Identification Code
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PID
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- 13-bit
- Packets in the same ES all have the same PID
- TS Packet header
- NULL packet = 8191= 0b1111111111111
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| Program Clock Reference
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PCR
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- 27MHz resolution
- Bitstream timing
- PCR for each program in a TS
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| System Clock Reference
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SCR
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- 27MHz resolution
- Bitstream timing
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| Presentation Timestamp
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PTS
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- Use to achieve synchronization of separate ES
- 90KHz resolution / 33 bits
- In the PES header
- Divide PCR by 300
- They must not be more than 700 ms apart in the PS or TS
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| Decode Timestamp
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DTS
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Resource